Which structure separates the two cerebral hemispheres?

The structure that separates the two cerebral hemispheres is the falx cerebri. This is a sickle-shaped fold of dura mater, which is the tough outer layer of the meninges that surround the brain. The falx cerebri extends down into the longitudinal fissure, the deep groove that separates the right and left hemispheres of the brain.

The function of the falx cerebri is primarily protective; it helps stabilize the position of the brain within the skull and prevents excessive lateral movement. Additionally, it contains the superior sagittal sinus, a major venous channel that drains blood from the brain.

Understanding the anatomy of the falx cerebri is crucial for grasping broader concepts in neuroanatomy, including the organization of the brain and its protective structures.